What is a flexion contracture?

A flexion contracture refers to a condition where a joint is bent in a position that makes it impossible to fully straighten it. This is typically the result of the shortening of the muscles, tendons, or ligaments surrounding the joint, leading to a loss of range of motion. In a clinical context, flexion contractures are often seen in patients who have experienced prolonged immobilization, neurological conditions, or musculoskeletal injuries that affect the normal functioning of joints.

This condition is particularly common in joints such as the knees, elbows, and fingers, where the inability to extend the joint can significantly impact mobility and function. Treatment often involves physical therapy, stretching exercises, and sometimes surgery to correct the alignment or release the tightened tissues surrounding the joint, enabling improved movement and function. Understanding this definition helps to clarify how flexion contractures differ from other joint conditions, making it pivotal for health professionals when planning treatment strategies for patients with limited mobility.