What is a major characteristic of hyperparathyroidism?

The major characteristic of hyperparathyroidism is hypercalcemia, which refers to elevated levels of calcium in the blood. This condition occurs due to overactivity of the parathyroid glands, which produce parathyroid hormone (PTH). PTH is critical for regulating calcium levels in the body by increasing calcium absorption in the intestines, stimulating calcium release from bones, and promoting renal reabsorption of calcium.

In hyperparathyroidism, the excess PTH leads to an imbalance where too much calcium is released into the bloodstream, leading to hypercalcemia. This condition can manifest with various symptoms, including fatigue, weakness, kidney stones, and bone pain, as high levels of calcium can affect multiple body systems. Understanding this relationship between PTH and calcium levels is crucial for recognizing the clinical implications of hyperparathyroidism and guiding treatment approaches.