What is the main goal of administering magnesium sulfate in a patient with preeclampsia?

Administering magnesium sulfate in a patient with preeclampsia primarily aims to lower blood pressure and prevent seizures. Preeclampsia is characterized by elevated blood pressure and can lead to serious complications such as eclampsia, which involves seizures. Magnesium sulfate acts as a central nervous system depressant, providing anticonvulsant properties that help prevent the onset of seizures in women who are experiencing severe preeclampsia or are at high risk of developing eclampsia.

Additionally, while magnesium sulfate can have a mild sedative effect and may contribute to some degree of vasodilation, its most critical role in this context is seizure prophylaxis, which significantly improves maternal and fetal outcomes. This treatment strategy is essential for managing the severe manifestations of preeclampsia, thereby reducing the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby.