Which medication is considered a chemical method to soften the cervix?

Prostaglandin E1 is recognized as a chemical method for cervical ripening and softening. This medication works by stimulating the cervix to produce connective tissue remodeling, which leads to increased elasticity and softness, thus preparing it for labor. Prostaglandin E1, often used in the form of misoprostol, helps to facilitate cervical dilation and can be administered orally, vaginally, or rectally depending on the clinical situation. This makes it an effective option for inducing labor in women whose cervix is not yet favorable.

In contrast, oxytocin primarily functions to stimulate uterine contractions rather than directly affecting the cervix. Terbutaline is a tocolytic agent used to delay preterm labor by relaxing the muscles of the uterus and does not facilitate cervical softening. Carboprost, while used for postpartum hemorrhage management, does not have the primary role of softening the cervix but rather promotes uterine contractions to reduce bleeding. Thus, Prostaglandin E1 is specifically designed for cervical softening, making it the correct choice in this context.